Teaching At Sun Valley High School - 1743 Words

I am currently in my 11th year of teaching at Sun Valley High School. I have been very fortunate that we have not had many major legal issues at my school while I’ve worked here. Many of the issues that arise come from students with special education requirements. Most times it is due to a student with a low grade and the teachers not following the SDI’s to the full extent. The few major issues we’ve had in my school have dealing with drugs or violence have been associated with a student having an IEP. These students have manifestation hearings to determine if it was their disability that caused the behavior. I was slightly involved in one of these cases, and with the vague wording in their legal document; I was amazed at how the†¦show more content†¦The vice-principal while speaking with Steve was shown a text message that Andy had sent him the night before. The message to â€Å"Watch your back, you’re gonna catch the gat.† After s eeing the message, the vice-principal brought the phone to Mr. S which explained the reason that Steve was jumping Andy in the morning. A school can only get involved with matters that take place outside of the building if the disruption interferes with the education during the school day. Since the fight took place on school grounds, Mr. S decided that action should be taken on the school level. Both students were given a 10 day out of school suspension and the police were contacted and charged Andy with a terrorist threat. Steve’s mother was ok with the 10 day suspension but father was not and tried to fight it. The school suspended Steve for the fight and the father stated he felt threatened so that’s why he jumped Andy. The school stated that Steve should have informed them and not taken matters into his own hands. Father said his son wasn’t a rat and so did not find this to be acceptable for the school but they lost their case and Steve served his te n days. With the terrorist threat being charged against Andy, the superintended wanted him expelled and the cops searched for a gun in his possession. They searched his locker at the school and also got a warrant to search his house butShow MoreRelatedEgyptian Contributions And Greek Culture1678 Words   |  7 PagesGreek culture. The Nile Valley civilization is the basis of philosophy, science, and medicine that is often times solely credited to the Greeks. PURPOSE STATEMENT After thorough research and analysis the Nile Valley Contributions to Greek civilization are evident. THE BEGINNINGS Ancient Greece is regarded as the beginnings of advanced sciences and philosophies and the fundamentals of the western world. For years, Greek culture has been taught in schools and held in a high esteem. Egyptian sciencesRead More Comparison of the Portrayal of Nature in Blake and Wordsworth1518 Words   |  7 Pagessex in Nature in `The Blossom. In Nurses Song, from Songs of Innocence, we find children playing outside, enjoying nature. In this verse, time is marked by signs in the natural world. The nurse implores: then come home, my children, the sun is gone down And the dews of night arise. . . Nature acts as a gentle guide for the children; their only concept of time comes from the luminaries and the light they give. The children respond to the nurse, wanting to play until the last lightsRead MoreReligion : Science And Religion1273 Words   |  6 Pagessolution. I believe Religion started in the ancient civilizations were strongly influenced by their environments, such as the Mesopotamians, the Egyptians and the people of the Indus valley, and even the Chinese all believed that their gods controlled the forces of nature, and they felt that their gods were the high power that controlled everything they did or said. Religion was the total answer for ancient civilization but as time went on people started to frown upon religion because people wereRead MoreIndian Civilization2767 Words   |  12 Pagescalled Indus Valley Civilization; the earliest in South Asia Contemporary with Bronze Age civilizations in pre-dynastic Egypt, Mesopotamia Compared to the other Bronze Age civilizations, Indus Valley Civilization was unspectacular Early civilizations of the Indian sub-continent were centred on two major river valleys: The Indus River and its tributaries, especially the Saraswati River Valley (2600-1500BCE) – associated with Dravidians. Called Harappan Culture The Ganges River Valley (1500-500BCE)Read MoreZuni Indian2580 Words   |  11 PagesZuni and Japanese language, culture, and physiology. For instance, the Zuni language bears no resemblance to other North American languages, but exhibits similarities to old Japanese: Zuni religion bears similarities to Shinto, both of which share a high incidence of a kidney disease, and skull which remains show unusual dental features in common between Zuni and Japanese. Thanks to the great trip to New Mexico, I could encounter with possible descendants of Japanese. I focus on Zuni people, religionRead MoreWhat Role Did Socrates Play in Ancient Greece?1494 Words   |  6 Pagesyounger years when he was a student of Anaxagoras. While studying Anaxagoras’ work, Socrates learned that the Selene, the goddess of the moon, was not real and that the moon had hills and valleys and shone with reflected light. Of the sun, Socrates gathered additionally that Apollo was not real, and that the sun was a very hot rock. This not only shaped Socrates’ religious life but also affected the way he interacted with people and changed their perceptions. Socrates offended people by daring toRead MoreHow My Grandfathers Can t Recall The Exact Day Essay2294 Words   |  10 Pagesstatus of their family members. At the age of eight, my dad moved with his father to Davis, Ca., he enrolled in school but was constantly picked on for being â€Å"Mexican† he eventually decided to drop out and began working in the fields. My two older sisters were born in Salinas Ca., where my family originally lived but eventually my dad’s promotions lead him to the heart of the Central Valley. Now at the age of 52, my father still continues to work in the fields and my family continues to reside in theRead MoreEssay on Types Of Skiing3485 Words   |  14 Pagesspeeds of over 90 miles per hour on the steep, strait parts of the course. The turns call for immense skill and powerful muscles. Taking tuns at fast speeds puts a lot of stress on the legs. The racers use helmets for protection, because falling at high speeds can be very dangerous. The sport needs a great deal of courage. The good thing about it is that it is probably the most exciting ski event ever. Large bumps called moguls, and steep pitches add to the hazards. The course ranges from about 1Read MoreSpeech Choir2951 Words   |  12 Pagescomposed of a solid teaching force, Bright students and most of all, their passion for excellence. Lo and behold! In the year 1996, the once masked dream was unveiled. A 12-student class became into what is now the terra firma of brain - Mandaue City Science High School. It is familiarity with life that makes time speed quickly. When everyday is a step in the unknown, The days are long with gathering of experience. The school was fresh, it was new. That young seed, on a high mountain it was plantedRead MoreExchange of Information Between Sumer Egypt and India Essay examples2068 Words   |  9 Pageswith floodwaters. The Sumerians feared that humans had little control over daily life which is why they possessed a strong polytheistic faith. They assumed that there were gods with humanlike emotions for virtually every occurrence in nature. The sun was a god, as well as the moon and the stars; also, the crops grew every season because a male god was mating with his goddess wife. The Sumerian society was divided into four categories based on wealth and power. These were nobles, free clients

The Ten Dollar Bill - 1990 Words

Genevieve and Ruth Anne talk about the recent change to the U. S’s twenty-dollar bill. In April of 2016, Treasury Secretary Jacob J. Lew announced future design changes to U.S currency, specifically the ten-dollar bill. There was speculation that Harriet Tubman was going to replace Alexander Hamilton on the ten-dollar bill, but after a period of debating, it was decided that Harriet Tubman will be added to U.S currency, just not the ten-dollar bill. Alexander Hamilton will stay on the ten-dollar bill and Harriet Tubman will be replacing Andrew Jackson as the figurehead of the twenty-dollar bill. Along with Tubman’s addition as the first African American and first women on American currency, the back of the ten-dollar bill will now also†¦show more content†¦For too long, our currency has been dominated by the white American men of history. This article supports also supports that I’m not the only one that believes that. Harriet Tubman is now being added t o the twenty dollar bill. Vara, Vauhini. A Campaign to Put a Woman on the Twenty-Dollar Bill. The New Yorker. The New Yorker, 19 June 2017. This article tell the journey of Barbara Ortiz Howard to put a women on America’s currency. Howard is a sixty-two year old women that in her prime, marched against the Vietnam War and civil and womens rights. Howard sought the help of her old friend, Susan Ades Stone. With the help of her friend, Howard created the non profit organization, Women on 20s. They decided on to campaign to remove because out of the current bills in circulation, Andrew Jackson was the best candidate for removal. Not only was Andrew Jackson against central banking, but he also signed the Indian Removal Act, which displaced thousands of Native Americans from their homes. Over several months, the organization created a website and twitter page to poll the populus about which women should replace Andrew Jackson. The poll included diverse women throughout history in cluding many black women and an Asian woman. After finalizing the winning candidate, the organization will present the winner to President Obama in hopes that he helps persuade the Treasury Secretary to sign off on a twenty dollar redesign, that will hopefully feature aShow MoreRelatedEvaluation Of A Multi Grade Special Education Classroom1204 Words   |  5 PagesOverview of Instructional Unit Students will be instructed how to count coins, bills and mixed coins and bills over several days. Instruction and practice will be completed with preinstructional activities to review and instruct students on coins and paper currency. The fourth day of instruction will include counting mixed coins and bills. 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Marketing for Managers Dairy Firm in Australia

Question: Describe about the Marketing for Managers of Dairy Firm in Australia. Answer: Introduction: Background of the company: Camel Milk of Victoria is an emerging dairy firm in Australia. It is one of the famous dairy beverages of Australia in which the production process is based on the elements of nature. At the very first time, it started its journey in Saudi Arabia. After that, it spreads its branches across the world. Now, the Victoria has been able to run this business successfully (Camel Milk Victoria, 2016). Products of the company: The Camel Milk of Victoria has different types of products. This organization launches variety of goods and makes differentiated products which would attract the customers towards them. Moreover, it also helps to sustain in the competitive and international market successfully. Camel Milk of Victoria launches camel milk soap which is effective and beneficial for sensitive skin. Moreover, it produces laundry powder which gently washes the clothes. On the other hand, one of it demandable product is lip balm which is made by the natural scents and oils of the nature. Apart from this, there are different types of camel milk soap which are of different shapes and sizes. On the other hand, the most important product is the camel milk which has a high demand in the international market. In addition, the camel milk Victoria cap is also an effective products which has a high demand to the consumers (Camel Milk Victoria, 2016). Vision and Mission of the company: The mission of Camel Milk of Victoria is to develop the quality of the products and maintain standard performance which would attract more investors and partners to invest on this organization. In this perspective, this organization targeted the Australian major markets along with the sub markets from which the higher amount of revenue can be generated. In addition, the transactions department needs to be taken into consideration through which the prospective opportunities of business and advantages can be achieved. On the other hand, this above stated organization focuses on providing the advance skills, technology, service and systems which would help to maintain the standard quality of the products and produce innovative items. As a result, the production efficiencies can be achieved through this above strategy. Furthermore, the higher amount of revenue and profit can be earned by implementing this effective mission of this organization (Camel Milk Victoria, 2016). In this perspective the vision of Camel Milk of Victoria is to achieve the effective business objective and goals by which the foster growth can be possible. The objectives and goals are set in such a manner that helps to cover the financial and budget allocation of this organization. Moreover, the innovative products and brands should be recognized and familiar to the loyal customers within a short time span. The vision and strategy should be clear to every employee who is working on the project related to Camel Milk of Victoria. Thus, with the help of new products and clear project vision profitability margin can be achieved with very short time line (Camel Milk Victoria, 2016). Current marketing objectives: The current marketing objectives are the concentration of price and quality of the goods and services. This effective objective would help to sustain in the competitive market. Moreover, the production of innovative and differentiated products is in great concern in respect to the marketing objectives of this organization. In addition, potential market entry strategies such as joint ventures and partnering in business can be taken into consideration as marketing objectives of this organization. Situation analysis: According to OFlynn et al., (2016), the term situation analysis indicates the process by which the managers can critically analyze the external and internal environment of the organization. With the help of this analysis, the capabilities, business environment, future expansion and customer base of this organization can be evaluated (Kekana, Hall, Motta Bewley, 2016). In this perspective, the above-stated organization of Camel Milk Victoria, situation analysis can be done with the help of SWOT analysis, evaluation of market demography and demand analysis, current competition and budget and positioning analysis. Market demography and demand analysis: The Camel Milk in Victoria is the only licensed dairy firm which is emerging, enterprising and entrepreneurial business unit in Australian economy. In this organization, milk is produced for the human consumption for all age group of the people. Apart from this, the milk can be used for the production of different types of chocolate which have a high demand in the international market (Flores Oseguera, 2013). In this perspective, Godiva James of the Middle East companies import milk from this organization for the production of chocolates. In addition, European countries, US and Japan are the target market of this organization from which a major amount of revenue is earned throughout the year. Furthermore, EICMP gets the facility to produce better quality and integrated type of camel milk in which per day production rate is 5000 liters approximately. The Europe market has a high demand on that. Moreover, in the words of Gildea (2012), with the help of consuming camel milk, the Diabet es patients of Type II, auto-immune patients and Hepatitis patients can fill better and it has some positive sign on that. Thus, these types of patients are included in the target market of this organization. As per the view of camel farmer of Queensland, it has a high demand in the Australian market as it provides the high value of milk. Though, the camel milk is very much expensive compare to any dairy milk, its demand is also in increasing condition. Due to the high production cost of this product, the sales figure is near about $32 per liter (ABC Rural, 2015). However, the market demand is high for new born babies. Thus, the price is not mattered in this case. As a result, most of the Australian business people want to start this business for earning higher amount of profit from the market (Garca-Posada Mora-Sanguinetti, 2015). SWOT analysis: The SWOT analysis of this above-stated company refers the advantage and disadvantage of this organization through the analysis of its marketing strategy (Bull et al., 2016). Strengths New and innovative product in the international market and foreign countries which would attract the customers towards them. The production procedure is best in terms of quality. Now, the entire world would mainly focus on the quality of the products instead of quantity (Jaber, Elkarmi, Alasis Kostas, 2015). Thus, its demand is high. The concerned marketing expertise helps this organization to sustain in the competitive market successfully. Efficient and effective production method. Major exporter in the international market. Strong and prospective growth of export in the trading market. Weakness The main drawback of this organization is the undifferentiated product. This is considered to be the barrier of attracting new customers towards them. The geographical boundary is not so much significant. This would create problem to deliver and distribution process (Chen, Kim Yamaguchi, 2014). Moreover, the expansion of business can be hampered for this reason. According to van Wijngaarden, Scholten van Wijk (2012), in the competitive market, the existing organizations have a pre set market brands and loyal customers. Thus, as the Camel Milk Victoria newly entered organization in the international market, so its customer base and reputation is not so much significant. Volatility in climate which may hamper the production process. Uncertainty in policy making which delay the export and import business. The Camel Milk of Victoria buy retail products but sale in the procedure of wholesale. Opportunities Market demand is high for this product instead of high production cost. Improved market strategies and objectives ensure to sustain in the competitive market successfully. By implementation of market entry strategies of mergers, joint ventures and strategic alliances, the higher amount of revenue and profits can be earned. This organization gives a tough competition by cost effective policy along with providing improved quality of products. Achievement of efficiencies in the production system. Management and higher authority bear and concentrate on the production risk of this company. Threats Due to high price of products, the Camel Milk of Victoria can lose the market demand of the products along with loyal customers. This is not desirable for an organization. The high price of products is an important barrier for not sustaining the customer base in the international market. Unsatisfactory geographical boundary adds the disadvantage of delivery and distribution system. This would lead to contraction of selling market in the international economy. High price of inputs which raise the price of the products. Climate change. Lack of protectionism from rival companies in the international markets. Table 1: SWOT analysis of Camel Milk of Victoria Source: (As created by author) Current competition: It is known that Australia is a famous country for producing dairy products through worldwide. There are 6400 dairy firms across the Australian economy in the important regions such as Victoria, New south Wales, Tasmania, Western Australia, South Australia and Queensland. These areas are the major competitors of Camel Milk of Victoria. However, due to the different types of production process, strategies and innovativeness of goods adds the more competition between these industries. Figure 1: Trend of production in Australian Dairy firms Source: (Financial Review, 2015) The above data shows the production of milk by the Australian dairy firms throughout the year. As per this statistics, the trend is positive and significant. Thus, these Australian firms are the main competitors of Camel Milk of Victoria. Budget, sales and positioning analysis: The budget of this organization is justified for expansion in the international market. The sales figure of this organization is highly significant and ensures the higher rate of return from it. By selling the innovative items in the international market, this organization earns a higher amount of profit. Moreover, the position of this organization is perfect to run the business successfully. Victoria is one of the developed and important city of Australia. Thus, this market position is potential to get success in the business. Marketing promotion objectives and strategies: In the words of Lin, Jun, Hu Huang (2015), to get success in the competitive market, the organization needs to set some effective promotional objectives. With the help of these promotional objectives, the organization can be able to arrange the efficient and relevant strategies which would ensure the foster growth of the company (Waldman, 2013). In this perspective, the Camel Milk of Victoria set some effective objectives which would ensure the expansion of this organization in the international market. The main objective of this organization is to maintain the quality and standard of the products. After that, the concentration is goes on the price of the products. The price of the products set in such a manner that it help to sustain in the competitive market along with attracting more customers towards them. In this context, one of the main objectives is the production of the differentiated and innovative types of goods, which would attract new consumers towards them. According to DeVaro Kauhanen (2016), the promotional strategies are very much important to expand the business growth in the international market. With the help of effective promotional and advertisement strategy, the organization can be able to catch the peoples mind easily (Glanz, Bader Iyer, 2012). In this perspective, the Camel Milk Victoria employs a unique promotional strategy through which the good reputation can be maintained in the international market. This above-stated organization mainly concentrates on the standard performance and quality of the products which would help to attract the customers towards them. Moreover, in the words of Galician (2013), the changes in price of the products are an effective promotional strategy which adds extra benefits to consume more amounts by the customers. In this context, the Camel Milk organization of Victoria set the lower level of price from the other rival companies related to this type of production. As a result, it would help to sustain in the competitive market successfully. Apart from this, the innovation in the product has been done by this company. As commented by Czinkota Ronkainen (2013), the differentiated products and innovative goods can catch the entire market easily. Thus, the Camel Milk of Victoria implements this strategy. By implementing this strategy, this above-concerned organization produces innovative and differentiated products which not only uses for consumption of babies, but also cures many diseases (Hui, Inman, Huang Suher, 2013). As a result, the demand of this product increases. On the other hand, for effective promotional of this organization and goods, this company takes the help of advertisement. With the help of advertisement strategy, the new, innovative and differentiated products can be accustomed by the people. By knowing the advantage of this product, the customers can motivate to buy these products which would help to increase the profit of this organization. In addition, the good reputation can be maintained along wit h setting the loyal customer base. Media and budget allocation: As opined by Weintraub Litwinka (2013), the impact of social media for expansion of a business is important factors. With the help of social media, the organization can be able to catch the peoples mind properly (Joardar, Kostova Wu, 2014). In this perspective, the Camel Milk of Victoria uses the social media for promotional purposes. This above-stated organization uses the social networking site Facebook for promotional and advertisement purpose. From this social networking site, people can acknowledge with the products of this organization. As a result, the sales of this organization increase. On the other hand, the impact of social media is positive and significant in this context. With the help of social media, this emerging business unit can be a known face to the consumers. Moreover, it would help to set the loyal customer base which would ensure to earn higher amount of profit (Vorvoreanu, Sears Johri, 2015). Year 0 1 2 3 4 5 CASH INFLOWS Cash from Sales 500,000 700,000 900,000 1,200,000 1,800,000 Directors loans 145,000 Share capital 60,000 TOTAL CASH INFLOW 205,000 500,000 700,000 900,000 1,200,000 1,800,000 CASH OUTFLOWS Payments for materials 100,000 125,000 156,000 200,000 300,000 Premises (rent, rates) 0 30,000 35,000 35,000 50,000 50,000 Wages and salaries 0 100,000 100,000 120,000 130,000 150,000 General expenses 0 20,000 25,000 28,000 32,000 35,000 Interest and bank charges payable 0 2,900 2,900 2,900 2,900 2,900 Lease payments 0 0 0 0 0 Corporation Tax 165,255 137,009 197,912 Market survey costs 2,500 Other preliminary expenses 4,000 capital expenditure Loan repayments 31,900 31,900 31,900 31,900 31,900 Dividends 0 0 0 0 TOTAL CASH OUTFLOWS 6,500 284,800 319,800 539,055 583,809 767,712 Cash flow summary NET CASH FLOW FOR PERIOD 198,500 215,200 380,200 360,945 616,191 1,032,288 OPENING CASH BALANCE 198,50 413,70 793,90 1,154,84 1,771,03 CLOSING CASH BALANCE 198,500 413,700 793,900 1,154,845 1,771,036 2,803,324 Table 2: The current table shows the forecasted cash flow statement for Camel Milk for five years (Source: As created by author) Particulars Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Long-Term Assets: Leasehold Improvement 35,000 42,000 45,000 48,000 50,000 Accumulated Depreciation 3,500 8,500 10,500 11,500 12,500 Total Long-Term Assets 38,500 50,500 55,500 59,500 62,500 Current Assets: Cash 29,800 19,700 3,300 22,800 24,000 Accounts Receivable 12,000 15,000 19,000 21,000 23,000 Inventory 53,000 64,000 75,000 95,000 120,000 Prepaid Rent 2,200 2,500 2,800 3,500 4,500 Total Current Assets 97,000 101,200 100,100 142,300 171,500 Total Assets 135,500 151,700 155,600 201,800 234,000 Long-term liabilities 55,000 58,000 62,000 65,000 68,000 Current Liabilities: Unearned Income 17,000 15,000 17,000 18,000 20,000 Accrued Expenses 1,500 1,700 1,600 1,800 2,100 Total Current Liabilities 18,500 16,700 18,600 19,800 22,100 Total liabilities 73,500 74,700 80,600 84,800 90,100 Owner's equity: Retained Earnings 50,000 52,000 51,000 62,000 78,000 Common stock 12,000 25,000 24,000 55,000 65,900 Total Owner's Equity 62,000 77,000 75,000 117,000 143,900 Total Liabilities and Owner's equity 135,500 151,700 155,600 201,800 234,000 Table 3: The above table shows the forecasted balance sheet statement for Camel Milk for five years (Source: As created by author) From this above calculation, the hypothetical budget allocation is made with the help of forecasted balance sheet and cash flow statement of this organization. Moreover, in this perspective, the expected profit and loss of Camel Milk of Victoria can be presented in the following manner. Years 1 2 3 4 5 Revenue 500,000 700,000 900,000 1,200,000 1,800,000 Cost of sales 100,000 125,000 156,000 200,000 300,000 Gross profit 400,000 575,000 744,000 1,000,000 1,500,000 Expenses/overheads Premises (rent, rates) 0 30,000 35,000 35,000 50,000 Wages and salaries 100,000 100,000 120,000 130,000 150,000 General expenses 20,000 25,000 28,000 32,000 35,000 Interest and bank charges payable 2,900 2,900 2,900 2,900 2,900 Lease payments 0 0 0 0 0 Depreciation 14600 12080 10064 8451 7161 Other expenses 6,500 Total expenses/overheads 144,000 169,980 195,964 208,351 245,061 Profit before tax 256,000 405,020 548,036 791,649 1,254,939 Tax @25% 165,255 137,009 197,912 313,735 Profit after tax 256,000 239,765 411,027 593,737 941,204 Dividends 0 0 0 0 Transfer to reserves 256,000 239,765 411,027 593,737 941,204 Table 4: The table shows the forecasted profit and loss of Camel Milk for 5 years (Source: As created by author) Conclusion and recommendation: The above analysis indicates the fact that Camel Milk of Victoria has a prospective growth in near future in the international market. The brief analysis of market demand, sales position, market demography and current competition of this organization, the strengths, weakness, opportunities and threats can be identified. As a result, the effective measures can be taken for correcting this adverse situation. In this perspective, the hypothetical forecasted budget is made for this organization. In this context, to sustain in the competitive market successfully, this organization needs to concentrates on the improvement of production procedure along with cost effective measure. With the implementation of efficient production technology, the cost of production can be minimized. As a result, the price of the products can be shortened which would enhance the competitive power in the international market. Thus, by following this effective marketing strategy and suggestions, this organization can be able to achieve foster growth in the international market. Reference list: Aerem's dairy deal is 'comical' say farmers. (2015).Financial Review. Retrieved 8 October 2016, from https://www.afr.com/real-estate/aerem-chases-740m-in-the-latest-of-dairy-investment-hype-20151211-gllqi2 Bull, J. W., Jobstvogt, N., Bhnke-Henrichs, A., Mascarenhas, A., Sitas, N., Baulcomb, C., ... Carter-Silk, E. (2016). Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats: A SWOT analysis of the ecosystem services framework.Ecosystem Services,17, 99-111. Camel Milk Victoria | Benefits of Camel Milk. (2016).Camelmilkvictoria.com.au. Retrieved 8 October 2016, from https://camelmilkvictoria.com.au/index.php/about-camel-milk Camel Milk Victoria | Camel Milk Australia. (2016).Camelmilkvictoria.com.au. Retrieved 8 October 2016, from https://camelmilkvictoria.com.au/index.php/2015-08-02-04-21-05/camel-milk Camel Milk Victoria | Natural Health Camel Milk Australia. (2016).Camelmilkvictoria.com.au. Retrieved 8 October 2016, from https://camelmilkvictoria.com.au/index.php Chen, W. M., Kim, H., Yamaguchi, H. (2014). 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Martin Luther Sacramental Practices

Theology has transcended ages since the beginning of the 16th century. As a matter of fact, Theologians such as Martin Luther came out as strong believers who would preach with inspiration and self conviction. The conviction was based on the ‘unjust’ doctrine of the Catholic Church at that time and the then limited bible.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Martin Luther: Sacramental Practices specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More As a catholic priest, Martin Luther became a respected minister among the conservatives and the deity who had control of political direction of the state and social views on supernatural. However, this was to change in the dawn of the 16th century with the emergence of a fresh approach adopted by Martin Luther. Thus, this reflective treatise attempts to explicitly identify the roles of Martin Luther, his ideologies, development, and practices in the Catholic Church Sacramen ts in his life time. Besides, the paper discusses the results of the 16th century Protestant Reformation facilitated by Martin Luther who is believed to have been the catalyst of the same. Moreover, the paper concentrates on roles of Martin Luther especially in the act of offering Catholic Church Sacraments. Martin Luther is described as a great pillar of the protestant transformation faith. In order to understand his character, it is important to reflect on his active participation in the Catholic Church as a priest who was empowered by the church leadership to lead a congregation in sacrament practices. Reflectively, it is critical to review his stand on faith, salvation, grace, and good works following the release of his famous 95 theses. In his view, Martin Luther defines faith as a substance of full reliance on only God and that man is but a subject in the salvation ladder. Man is therefore is a custodian of salvation and not necessary the owner of the same. According to Marius (1999): In Reformed Theology, the Lord’s Supper and Baptism are sacraments, which are external signs by which God seals the promise of goodwill toward people in order to sustain the weakness of faith inherent in humans, and which operate as testimony of the piety of believers toward God. (Marius 89) Therefore, man must internalize the self conviction faith, that is, only God has the sole power to save him from every form of sin.Advertising Looking for research paper on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Martin Luther believed that sin imprisoned mankind and made him unable to really redeem himself from the yoke of trespasses. This was the basis for his rejection of the sacrament of confession, sale of indulgence, pilgrimage, elaborate Catholic mass ritual, and prayer to saints. Interestingly, this belief was a direct opposite of his upbringing noting that he was brought up as a staunch Catholic by his Catholic parents. Therefore, Luther was always in a constant conflict with the leadership of the Roman Catholic Church doctrines which suggested the opposite, that is, man can redeem himself from sin through confession to a priest who had the capacity to intercede for forgiveness of sins. In the thought of Luther, this was wrong and misleading to the population practicing Christianity which he described as a personal and internalized relationship with Christ as the only true savior. As a result, Martin Luther opined that man has not control over his destiny but is rather a subject and a custodian of faith. Actually, the notion of faith kept this liberal priest from despairing against the reality at that time. Martin Luther remains to be the most inspirational figure in the quest for reformation of the church which commenced in the 16th century. His religious steadfastness inspired many people who found solace in the alternative approach towards serving the supernatural being. In mos t of his preaching messages, Luther was steadfast in opposing ‘good works’ and reminded his congregation of then aspect of faith as an accompaniment of salivation. Without faith, Luther contended that salvation is meaningless and but just a tool for satisfying greediness of mankind in his quest to elevate himself in a state of being an object of worship. Martin Luther has always been a controversial figure as viewed by the many modern denominational Christians. He is accredited for having castigated a systematic fragmentation of the Christendom which further exacerbated it to splintering into series of denominations that have spread across the globe. Through expunging the bureaucratic and corrupt church system of his time, Martin Luther succeeded in inspiring the church to turn back to biblical root by his preaching on only two sacraments, that is, Lord’s Supper and baptism which are symbolically represented in the Old Testament by Passover and Circumcision. In e xercising sacrament practices, Martin Luther introduced then aspect of reformed theology. According to Tracy (1999):Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Martin Luther: Sacramental Practices specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Reformed theology refers to the exclusive use of scripture to support theological positions. As a result, the New Testament contains passages that support the general position of Reformed Theology that the Lord’s Supper and baptism are derived from Passover and circumcision. In addition, the New Testament indicates that the Lord’s Supper and baptism are imbued with additional meanings and implications that are not present or considered in the Old Testament, which are indicative of the covenant relationship that the faithful form with Christ. (Tracy 137) The most significant materials that aided the process of transformation into the two sacraments as supported by Luther were his famous Ninety-Five Theses collection which disseminated clear and well researched messages to the congregation. However, â€Å"his message of salvation through the unmerited grace of God was not readily accepted by the Roman Catholic Church, in part because it undermined the authority they exercised through the priests and the administration of the sacraments† (Marius 98). Luther distanced himself from the Roman Catholic’s practice of confirmation as part of the Christian sacrament. However, he had no problem with the same especially when practiced as a rite. In one of his well presented sermons, Marin Luther was categorical on the periphery of this practice by asserting that â€Å"†¦if every pastor examines the faith of the children †¦lays hands on them, and confirms them† (Luther 9). Therefore, Luther’s article on Small Catechism which was basically meant for children was actually in support of confirmation as a right and it prepared pare nts to embrace the same on their children. Specifically, Martin Luther was among the first person to approve in full the 1540 Brandenburg Church Order which was written by Bugenhagen Johannes which dwelled on confirmation and church governance by Episcopal (Wright 67). Besides, Luther showed a great recognition for the Melanchthon’s 1545 Wittenberg order for the church. Interestingly, this order supported the doctrine of empowering pastors and priests to lay hand on children and confirm them as a rite of passage in the church (Marius 45). Generally, Luther attempted to present a very specific and neutral treatment of this issue in his paper, The Babylonian Captivity of the Church:Advertising Looking for research paper on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More I wonder what could have possessed them to make a sacrament of confirmation out of the laying on of hands, (Mark 16:18; Acts 6:6, Acts 8:17, Acts 19:6) which Christ employed when He blessed young children, (Mark 10:16) and the apostles when they imparted the Holy Spirit, ordained elders and cured the sick, as the Apostle writes to Timothy, â€Å"Lay hands suddenly on no man.† (1Timothy 5:22) Why have they not also turned the sacrament of the bread into confirmation? I do not say this because I condemn the seven sacraments, but because I deny that they can be proved from the Scriptures. (Luther 13) Thus, Martin Luther concluded that the practice lacked divine aspect and connection but was merely a church doctrine which is void of faith sacrament because the practice could not save a soul from the prison and dungeon of sin that had gripped mankind. According to Luther, a divine sacrament must contain the aspect of promised salvation through faith and believe in the sole power o f redemption from God and not mankind who are mere custodians of salvation. Different from the divine sacrament, Luther opined that the one practiced by the Roman Catholics at that time contained elements or circumstances leading a person to anticipate a feeling of exceeding psychological and physical demands on ability to comfortably cope up with pure salvation. Besides, it offered unrealistic consolation in the face of sin as mankind was convinced by the leadership of the church to believe in salvation from mankind. He concluded that: Confirmation and Extreme Unction are rites received from the Fathers which not even the Church requires as necessary to salvation, because they do not have God’s command. Therefore it is not useless to distinguish these rites from the former, which have God’s express command and a clear promise of grace. (Luther 16) Though faith is meaningless without guidance from fellow human beings, balance between doctrinal rites and divinity is nec essary. As a remedy, Martin Luther proposed that his congregation should rather concentrate on the sacrament of baptism and celebration of the last supper since these two had biblical roots in them. However, practicing other sacraments such as the confirmation would serve the purpose of bonding mankind especially when the same was given the approach of a church rite. As a result of this clarification and relation to the bible, Martin Luther was able to influence the lives of many European Christians to undergo radical changes in belief patterns on the aspect of faith in salvation and divine control in order to make a sacrament valid. He opines that â€Å"lying on of hands as there was in apostolic times, whether we called it confirmation or healing! Hence it is sufficient to regard confirmation as a certain churchly rite or sacramental ceremony, similar to other ceremonies, such as the blessing of holy water and the like† (Luther 06). Following these revelations, European Chr istians experienced systematic changes in the political, personal, social, and cultural systems which were controlled by theological realms before. Specifically, musical composition for worship became diverse as people integrated diversity in worship. Besides, financial accountability was more profound as the leadership of the church was held accountable for every penny spent unlike the free style model adopted by the Roman Catholic. Generally, these transformations were accompanied by liturgical language as translations were made available to the congregation in addition to the ‘singing church’ concept as opposed to conservative worship (Marius 78). Since the transformation empowered transformation followers to read bible translation in their own languages, the influence and power of the catholic priests at that time dwindled considerably as the lay Christians could get first hand understanding of the scriptures as opposed to non objective or biased interpretation by t he Roman Catholic priests. In addition, the aspect of divine sacrament empowered these Christians to independently study the bible in native languages, pray and repent directly to God without unnecessary intermediary medium, and give alms based on personal conviction (Kolb 56). In retrospect, Luther’s intention was to let the clergy to perform the priestly role of sacrament administering. â€Å"While Protestants argued for this priesthood being scriptural and providing for individuals to personally have a relationship with God, the result was not a rise in Biblical literacy among the lay population, despite Luther’s support for education of the youth† (Kolb 60). However, the general control and dominance displayed the priests on the congregation dwindled as more people rejected the priesthood doctrine which was viewed as imposing confraternities, charities, and monastic orders. Through initiation of active reforms in the church, Luther’s intention was spe cific and long term. By proposing transformations such as presence of a reparation altar, priesthood, and canon embedment of church sacraments, Luther wanted to maintain the status quo by supporting the aspect of delegating the duty of sacrament practices solely on the priests or pastors. Among other practices Luther advocated besides the sacrament model was the communion and the presence of the image of Jesus Christ physically attached to the altar where sacraments were offered (Wright 23). Luther’s endeavors on transformations paid off with conception of the autonomous Western Europe absent from the Roman Catholicism cord of the seven reparations. As asserted by Kolb (1999): the division of Christianity in Western Europe can in part be traced to the loss of the hierarchy of the Catholic Church, which, with a pope to serve as God’s representative on earth, the vicar of Christ, had acted with the College of Cardinals to keep Christianity, at least in Western Europe, do ctrinally unified under a particular institution. (Kolb 42) Reflectively, as more people embraced Martin Luther’s ideology, Roman Catholic lost its single authority to diverse traditions that embraced the reformed Christian faith. This was characterized by numerous religion based war in protest of the martial realm imposed by the powerful Roman Catholic establishment. Though these conflicts were detrimental, that is, they resulted in internal displacement and political instability, the overall effect was eradication of the Catholic dogma as revelations on divine path to salvation surfaced. Protestants were empowered to question certain practices and draw inferences from the bible which translated in their native languages. In fact, â€Å"It was the question of salvation, as well as others, such as the necessity of the sacraments, which separated the various Christian sects for centuries† (Tracy 71). The root of religion based war can be traced to varying ideology on vi ews as proposed by Martin Luther and those that were internalized by the Roman Catholic establishment which had an almost monopolistic control over religious roles on mankind. Actually, â€Å"Luther considered the Church corrupt and in need of extensive reform and the Church believed Luther was a heretic since his teachings regarding the papacy contradicted their own and threatened their claim to Papal supremacy† (Tracy 75). The differing ideology attracted a good number of converts to protestant front headed by Luther. These converts were disillusioned by the deep rooted culture of corruption and misappropriation in the Roman Catholic churches. As a result of Luther’s revolutionary messages on freedom and the joy of self conviction, many converts made substantial step towards quest for economic and political rights. Surprisingly, drawing his conviction from the bible, Luther was against use of force to liberate the body from physical harassment because such action wou ld jeopardize the noble course of goodness to mankind since it had no divine aspect but was guided by emotions. According to Wright (1982): The Peasant Revolt of 1524-1525 was condemned by Luther as unchristian and he lent his support to the princes as they put down the rebellion, killing thousands of peasants. While there were pertinent political necessities involved in Luther’s condemnation of the revolting peasants, his theology regarding the Two Kingdoms, the theological status of Christians and non-Christians, influenced his position as well. (Wright 98) Luther used this opportunity to justify his movement as based on revolution against unjust acts as opposed to disobedience to authority which was the pivotal point of the Peasant Revolt. Just like the sacrament, this revolt has no divine aspects but was a justification of hunger and human opinion same as the confirmation sacrament. Overtime, Luther’s efforts paid off as his ideology of afterlife available for refo rmed Christians penetrated religious circles. People begin to question the origin of the seven sacraments and their divine significance in the lives of those who follow them. Basing his defense from the bible, Luther identifies only two sacraments as those that have spiritual benefit to Christians, that is, the last supper and baptism. While dismissing other sacraments, Luther proposed that these sacraments were only permissible when practiced as a rite among mankind. Interestingly, Luther embraced the role of priest in administering sacraments and proposed to maintain the image of Jesus on the sacrament altar. Among the seven sacrament practices carried out by the Roman Catholic churches, Martin Luther rejected the sacrament of confession, sale of indulgence, pilgrimage, elaborate Catholic mass ritual, and prayer to saints as based on principles of human gratification. However, he embraced the sacrament of the last supper and baptism as having roots in the bible. Luther further cat egorically classifies the five sacrament rituals as those lacking divine inspiration since salvation was only possible by faith and not human practices. Interestingly, this belief was a direct opposite of his upbringing noting that he was brought up as a staunch catholic. His ideology of transformation embraced diversity and facilitated liberation of the Western Europe from the thread of the Roman Catholic establishment. As a matter of fact, these systematic proposals facilitated a century old transformation that swept across the continents of the world and climaxed with the establishment of the Lutheran church. As a better alternative, followers were convinced that the sacrament of baptism and last supper are ideal as compared to the other five which merely glorify the sinful mankind and deny faith a chance in the spiritual conviction. Works Cited Kolb, Robert. Martin Luther as Prophet, Teacher, Hero: Images of the Reformer, 1520- 1620 (Texts and Studies in Reformation and Post-Ref ormation Thought), Michigan: Baker Books, 1999. Print. Luther, Martin. â€Å"Address to the Christian Nobility of the German Nation Respecting the Reformation of the Christian Estate.† Luther’s Primary Works. Ed. Henry Wace and Buchheim C. London, UK: Hodder and Stoughton, 1896. Print. Luther, Martin. â€Å"The Freedom of a Christian Man.† The Protestant Reformation. Ed. Hans Hillerbrand. New York: Harper Row Publishers, 1968. Print. Marius, Richard. Martin Luther: The Christian between God and Death, Cambridge Massachusetts: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1999. Print. Tracy, James. Europe’s Reformations, 1450-1650, New York: Roman Littlefield Publishers, Inc., 1999. Print. Wright, Antony. The Counter-Reformation: Catholic Europe and the Non-Christian World, New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1982. Print. This research paper on Martin Luther: Sacramental Practices was written and submitted by user Man-Thing to help you with your own studies. 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